Since the discussion about acceleration and force seems to be continuing I will add my 2 cents in the hope that it helps solidify the things already said about your acceleration stopping the instant the force goes away.
I find that when I'm teaching physics pictures are far more effective at explaining a subject than math and words are...so here's an attempt at ASCII graphics pictures to explain what is happening. The pictures are going to have arrows representing forces on a car. The arrows will show the direction of the force and the length of the arrow indicates the amount of force in that direction.
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Situation I: Foot on the floor accelerating.
Force from engine -------> CAR <-- Force from air drag etc
The two arrows are in opposite directions so they partially cancel...when you add them together you get:
Net force on car: -----> CAR
As has already been said, force causes acceleration in inverse proportion to the mass of the thing being accelerated. Or, in math: F = M*a or a = F/M. In this case the force points to the right so the car is accelerating to the right.
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Situation II: No force from the engine...this could be because clutch peddle is on the floor, you have gone to neutral throttle, spark has been cut, etc.
Now the force diagram looks like
CAR <-- Force from air drag, etc
Now the net force is to the left, so the car is accelerating to the left (most drivers will call this deceleration).
Note that there is no mention of what was happening BEFORE you had no force from the engine. It doesn't matter...the current forces have no memory of the previous forces.
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Of course, the real issue when it comes to rev limiters, as has already been discussed, is how quickly the force generated by the motor can be turned off. If it is turned off slowly, the acceleration of the car will decrease slowly...if it is turned off instantaneously, the acceleration of the car stops instantaneously as well.
Anyway, sorry for being so teachy...I just got done sending out my latest round of applications to open professor positions in university physics departments so I'm kind of in that mode.